Anime is a popular form of Japanese animation that has taken the world by storm. From action-packed battles to heart-wrenching love stories, anime has something for everyone. But where does anime come from? The history of anime dates back to the early 20th century, when Japanese filmmakers began experimenting with animation. Over the years, anime has evolved into a global phenomenon, with countless TV shows, movies, and video games. So where does anime come from? Join us as we explore the rich history and cultural significance of anime.

History of Anime

Origins of Anime

Early Animation in Japan

Early animation in Japan dates back to the late 19th century, when Japanese filmmakers began experimenting with the medium. The first animated films in Japan were created by French filmmaker Émile Cohl, who introduced the concept of animation to Japan in 1897.

First Animated Films in Japan

The first Japanese animated film, “Hana-Oogi Boy,” was created in 1907 by Tatsuya Uemura and Kunio Katō. The film, which was only 10 seconds long, featured a boy throwing balls into a basket.

Early Animated Shorts

In the early 1910s, Japanese animators began producing longer animated shorts, such as “Kobayashi Shin Takaradon” (1913) and “Momotaro’s Sea Ebb and Flow” (1918). These films were often influenced by traditional Japanese art and storytelling, and featured hand-drawn cel animation.

Evolution of Anime

World War II and Anime

During World War II, the production of anime was limited due to resource shortages and censorship. However, animators continued to produce propaganda films and other works that supported the war effort.

Post-War Anime

After the end of World War II, the anime industry began to expand and diversify. In the 1950s and 1960s, animators such as Osamu Tezuka began experimenting with new storytelling techniques and character designs, leading to the creation of iconic anime series such as “Astro Boy” and “Kimba the White Lion.”

Golden Age of Anime

The 1980s and 1990s are often referred to as the “Golden Age” of anime, as the industry continued to evolve and mature. During this time, anime series such as “Mobile Suit Gundam,” “Dragon Ball Z,” and “Sailor Moon” became hugely popular both in Japan and around the world. Today, anime continues to be a beloved and influential part of Japanese culture, with new series and movies being produced every year.

Influences on Anime

Japanese Culture and Anime

Manga and Anime

Manga and anime are two closely related forms of Japanese popular culture. Manga refers to Japanese comics, while anime is the animated counterpart. The relationship between manga and anime is intertwined, with anime often adapting popular manga series for television.

Relationship between Manga and Anime

The relationship between manga and anime is symbiotic. Manga serves as the source material for many anime adaptations, with manga creators often writing and illustrating their works with the intention of adapting them into an anime series. Anime, in turn, has helped to popularize manga both domestically and internationally.

Adaptation of Manga into Anime

Many popular manga series have been adapted into anime, including works such as “Dragon Ball,” “Pokémon,” and “One Piece.” These adaptations often stay true to the original manga storyline, while also incorporating additional elements to enhance the visual storytelling of the anime medium.

Traditional Japanese Art and Anime

Traditional Japanese art has had a significant influence on anime. Two notable examples include ukiyo-e woodblock prints and yokai monsters.

Ukiyo-e and Anime

Ukiyo-e, a style of woodblock printing that flourished in Japan from the 17th to the 19th centuries, has influenced anime through its use of bold lines, simple shapes, and vibrant colors. Ukiyo-e’s depiction of everyday life, landscapes, and mythological creatures has inspired many anime artists to incorporate these elements into their work.

Yokai and Anime

Yokai, or Japanese monsters, have also played a significant role in anime. These creatures, often depicted in traditional Japanese art, have been incorporated into anime series such as “Spirited Away” and “Yokai Watch.” The yokai’s unique appearance and folklore-inspired backstory have made them a popular addition to many anime stories.

International Influences on Anime

Hollywood Films and Anime

One of the significant influences on anime is Hollywood films. The early anime creators were heavily influenced by the works of Walt Disney and other American animation studios. Many of the early anime creators were fascinated by the way Disney created a sense of movement and expression in their animation.

Another aspect of Hollywood films that had an impact on anime was the use of storytelling. American animation and live-action films often had compelling narratives that captivated audiences. These stories inspired many anime creators to incorporate more complex and thought-provoking storylines into their work.

American Animation and Anime

American animation, particularly the works of Walt Disney, had a significant impact on the early development of anime. Many of the early anime creators were heavily influenced by the way Disney created a sense of movement and expression in their animation.

One of the key elements that anime adopted from American animation was the use of exaggerated expressions and movements. This technique was used to create characters that were more relatable and expressive, which helped to engage audiences on an emotional level.

Live-Action Films and Anime

Live-action films also had an impact on anime. Many anime creators were inspired by the way live-action films told stories and created a sense of realism. This inspired many anime creators to incorporate more realistic elements into their work, such as more detailed backgrounds and more realistic character designs.

One of the key elements that anime adopted from live-action films was the use of camera angles and movement. This technique was used to create a sense of depth and movement in the animation, which helped to make the stories more engaging and immersive.

Other Cultures and Anime

Anime has also been influenced by other cultures, such as European art and other countries’ animated films.

European Art and Anime

European art has had a significant impact on anime, particularly in terms of its visual style. Many anime creators were inspired by the way European artists used light and shadow to create a sense of depth and realism in their work.

One of the key elements that anime adopted from European art was the use of perspective. This technique was used to create a sense of depth and dimension in the animation, which helped to make the stories more immersive and engaging.

Other Countries’ Animated Films and Anime

Anime has also been influenced by other countries’ animated films, particularly from Europe and the United States. Many anime creators were inspired by the way these films told stories and created a sense of realism.

One of the key elements that anime adopted from other countries’ animated films was the use of more realistic character designs and backgrounds. This helped to make the stories more engaging and immersive, as they felt more grounded in reality.

Types of Anime

Anime Genres

Action/Adventure Anime

Popular Action/Adventure Anime

• “Dragon Ball Z”
• “Naruto”
• “One Piece”

Subgenres of Action/Adventure Anime

• “Superhero Anime”
• “Martial Arts Anime”
• “Science Fiction Anime”

Examples of Action/Adventure Anime

• “Attack on Titan”
• “Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood”
• “Gintama”

Notable Action/Adventure Anime Directors

• Hayao Miyazaki
• Isao Takahata
• Hiroyuki Sawano

Characteristics of Action/Adventure Anime

• Physical battles and fights
• High-stakes conflicts
• Character development
• Emphasis on training and growth

Impact of Action/Adventure Anime

• Popularization of Japanese animation worldwide
• Influence on Western animation and live-action media
• Creation of iconic characters and storylines

Comedy Anime

Popular Comedy Anime

• “Kochikame”
• “Lucky Star”
• “The Tatami Galaxy”

Subgenres of Comedy Anime

• “Slice of Life Comedy”
• “Gag Comedy”
• “Parody”

Examples of Comedy Anime

• “A Silent Voice”
• “The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya”
• “March Comes in Like a Lion”

Notable Comedy Anime Directors

• Shunji Uchida
• Akiyuki Shinbo
• Tsutomu Mizushima

Characteristics of Comedy Anime

• Use of humor and wit
• Relatable characters and situations
• Subversion of expectations
• Emphasis on everyday life

Impact of Comedy Anime

• Providing lighthearted entertainment
• Inspiring social commentary
• Promoting cultural exchange
• Popularizing Japanese animation

Drama/Romance Anime

Popular Drama/Romance Anime

• “Fruits Basket”
• “Anohana: The Flower We Saw That Day”
• “Clannad”

Subgenres of Drama/Romance Anime

• “School Drama”
• “Slice of Life Romance”
• “Fantasy Romance”

Examples of Drama/Romance Anime

• “Your Lie in April”
• “Toradora!”
• “Nana”

Notable Drama/Romance Anime Directors

• Makoto Shinkai
• Tatsuyuki Tanaka
• Shinichiro Kimura

Characteristics of Drama/Romance Anime

• Emotional depth and complexity
• Realistic portrayal of relationships
• Themes of love, friendship, and family
• Emphasis on character development

Impact of Drama/Romance Anime

• Exploration of human emotions and experiences
• Creation of memorable characters and storylines
• Promotion of social awareness and empathy
• Contribution to the global popularity of anime

Impact of Anime

Anime Fandom

Anime Conventions

Anime conventions, also known as “cons,” are events that celebrate anime and its fandom. These conventions often feature cosplay contests, panel discussions, and screenings of new and classic anime series. Some of the largest anime conventions include:

• Comic-Con International: While not exclusively focused on anime, Comic-Con International in San Diego, California is one of the largest pop culture conventions in the world and features a significant anime presence.
• Anime Expo: Held annually in Los Angeles, California, Anime Expo is one of the largest anime conventions in North America, attracting thousands of fans from around the world.
• New York Comic Con: This convention, held annually in New York City, has a significant anime presence and features panels, screenings, and cosplay contests.

Notable Anime Conventions

In addition to the largest anime conventions, there are many other notable events around the world that celebrate anime and its fandom. Some of these include:

• Otakon: Held annually in Baltimore, Maryland, Otakon is one of the largest anime conventions on the East Coast of the United States.
• Anime North: This convention, held annually in Toronto, Canada, is one of the largest anime conventions in Canada and features a variety of programming, including cosplay contests, panel discussions, and screenings.
• Anime Central: Held annually in Rosemont, Illinois, Anime Central is one of the largest anime conventions in the Midwest and features a variety of programming, including cosplay contests, panel discussions, and screenings.

Characteristics of Anime Conventions

Anime conventions are unique events that bring together fans from all over the world to celebrate their shared love of anime. These conventions often feature a wide range of programming, including cosplay contests, panel discussions, and screenings of new and classic anime series. In addition, many conventions feature vendors selling anime-related merchandise, as well as opportunities for fans to interact with each other and with industry professionals.

Anime’s Global Reach

Anime in the United States

History of Anime in the United States

The history of anime in the United States can be traced back to the early 1960s when a Japanese animated series called “Astro Boy” was broadcast on American television. This was followed by other anime series such as “Godzilla” and “Speed Racer” which gained a cult following in the US. However, it was not until the 1980s that anime gained widespread popularity in the US with the introduction of shows like “Robotech” and “Voltron.”

Early Exposure to Anime in the US

Anime first gained exposure in the US through the import of Japanese anime films and television series. These were often dubbed into English and aired on late-night television or shown in specialty movie theaters. The limited availability of anime in the US created a cult following for the genre, with fans eagerly seeking out any new content they could find.

Anime’s Growing Popularity in the US

Anime’s popularity in the US continued to grow throughout the 1990s and 2000s with the introduction of new and popular anime series such as “Pokemon,” “Dragon Ball Z,” and “Sailor Moon.” This was fueled by the growth of the internet, which made it easier for fans to connect with each other and share their love for anime.

Anime in the Mainstream Media

In recent years, anime has become more mainstream in the US with the success of shows like “Attack on Titan,” “Death Note,” and “Naruto.” These series have gained critical acclaim and have been praised for their complex storytelling and unique animation styles. Additionally, anime has also made its way into the mainstream media with coverage on popular news outlets and television shows.

Anime in American Pop Culture

Anime has also had an impact on American pop culture, with many popular movies and television shows referencing or paying homage to anime. For example, the “Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles” franchise was heavily influenced by the Japanese anime “Himiko and the Magic Mirror,” while the “Avengers” movie featured a character named “Hiro” who was named after the protagonist of the anime “Blade Runner.”

Anime in Other Countries

Anime has also gained popularity in other countries around the world, with many countries having their own unique take on the genre. For example, in France, anime is often dubbed into French and has been popular since the 1980s. In South Korea, anime has gained a large following with the success of shows like “Attack on Titan” and “One Punch Man.”

Anime’s Popularity in Other Countries

Anime has become increasingly popular in other countries, with many fans eagerly awaiting the release of new series and movies. This has led to a surge in the production of anime in countries outside of Japan, with studios in the US, UK, and other countries producing their own anime series.

Anime’s Reception in Different Cultures

Anime has been well received in many different cultures, with fans appreciating the unique animation styles and storytelling techniques used in the genre. However, some anime series have also been criticized for their depictions of gender and race, leading to debates about cultural sensitivity and appropriation.

Adaptation of Anime for Different Languages

Anime has been adapted into many different languages, with dubbing and subtitling making it accessible to audiences around the world. This has led to a global community of anime fans who share a love for the genre and its unique storytelling techniques.

Future of Anime

Evolution of Anime

Advancements in Animation Technology

• Digital Animation and Anime: With the advancements in digital animation technology, anime has seen a significant shift in terms of production process and quality. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) and digital painting have become common tools for anime production, enabling more intricate and detailed visuals. The use of 3D animation has also expanded the possibilities for action scenes and camera movements, providing a more immersive viewing experience.
• Virtual Reality and Anime: The integration of virtual reality (VR) technology in anime has opened up new possibilities for storytelling and audience engagement. VR anime allows viewers to experience the story from a first-person perspective, providing a more interactive and personalized experience. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the way anime is consumed and create new opportunities for creative expression.

Changes in Anime Content

• Trends in Anime Themes and Genres: Over the years, anime has explored a wide range of themes and genres, reflecting the changing societal and cultural landscape. From science fiction and fantasy to psychological dramas and slice-of-life, anime has become increasingly diverse in its storytelling. The popularity of genres such as isekai (a genre where the protagonist is transported to another world) and slice-of-life has expanded the appeal of anime to a broader audience.
• Evolution of Character Design and Animation: Anime character design has evolved significantly over the years, reflecting the changing tastes and preferences of audiences. The use of computer-generated imagery has enabled more realistic and detailed character designs, while the use of 3D animation has allowed for more fluid and dynamic movements. The evolution of character design has also led to a greater focus on character development and emotional depth, adding more complexity to the storytelling.

Expansion of Anime

• Globalization of Anime: The globalization of anime has been a significant factor in its evolution. With the increasing popularity of anime internationally, anime studios have expanded their reach and adapted their content to cater to global audiences. This has led to the creation of anime with more universal themes and settings, making it more accessible to viewers outside of Japan.
• Diversification of Anime Audiences: The diversification of anime audiences has played a crucial role in its evolution. As anime has become more mainstream, it has attracted a wider range of viewers, including both children and adults. This has led to the creation of anime that caters to different age groups and interests, making it more appealing to a broader audience.
• Collaboration with Other Media: The collaboration between anime and other media has led to new opportunities for creative expression. Anime has collaborated with other forms of media such as manga, video games, and live-action adaptations, expanding its reach and providing new platforms for storytelling. This collaboration has also led to the creation of multimedia franchises, which have become a significant aspect of the anime industry.
• Expansion of Anime into New Markets: The expansion of anime into new markets has been a significant factor in its evolution. Anime has become increasingly popular in regions such as North America, Europe, and Asia, leading to the creation of localized versions and adaptations. This has provided new opportunities for anime production and distribution, making it a truly global phenomenon.

FAQs

1. What is anime?

Anime is a type of Japanese animation that includes a wide range of genres, from action-adventure to romance and comedy. It is typically aimed at children and young adults, but has a large following among people of all ages.

2. How did anime originate?

Anime has its roots in Japan, where it has been produced since the early 20th century. It was initially influenced by American animation, but soon developed its own unique style and themes. One of the earliest examples of anime is “Momotaro’s Divine Sea War,” a propaganda film made during World War II.

3. Who creates anime?

Anime is created by a team of artists, writers, and animators. The process begins with a concept or story idea, which is then developed into a script. The script is then used to create a storyboard, which outlines each scene and the actions of the characters. The storyboard is then used to create the actual animation, which is typically done using computer software.

4. What are some popular anime shows?

There are many popular anime shows, but some of the most well-known include “Pokemon,” “Dragon Ball Z,” “Sailor Moon,” “Naruto,” and “Attack on Titan.” These shows have gained popularity not only in Japan, but also around the world.

5. Where can I watch anime?

There are many places to watch anime, including online streaming services like Netflix, Hulu, and Crunchyroll. Many cable and satellite TV providers also offer anime channels, and some local stations may air anime shows. Additionally, many anime shows are available for purchase or rent on DVD and Blu-ray.

The History of Anime & Japan